Iron is an important mineral that we all need. What exactly does it do for babies, how much iron do babies need, and where can you find it on a plant-based diet? We’ll cover all the bases in this post.
Why Babies Need Iron
Iron is used to make hemoglobin, a molecule in red blood cells that has a pretty important purpose: moving oxygen throughout the body.
Hemoglobin is also what makes red blood cells red. So, when there’s not enough iron in the body, there’s not enough hemoglobin (and thus, not enough oxygen).
This makes red blood cells pale and small, resulting in iron-deficiency anemia. This condition often causes fatigue and weakness.
Babies need iron for their brains to develop normally, too.
Iron plays an especially significant role in brain development during three stages of life: pregnancy, toddlerhood, and adolescence.
Research indicates that iron deficiency in infancy can result in longer term issues. So, it’s a good idea to set infants up to maintain adequate iron stores throughout all stages of childhood.
Signs of Iron Deficiency in Babies
If babies don’t get enough iron, they may start showing the following signs of deficiency:
- Unusual irritability or fussiness
- Pale skin
- Low or no appetite
- Slowed weight gain
- Reduction in physical activity
As iron-deficient kids get older, they may continue to develop more slowly and have difficulty concentrating, have a shorter attention span, and have trouble in school.
Iron Needs For Babies
Babies are born with an iron reserve. They can thank us for that, because they got it from their mama!
This of course also means it’s important for mamas to maintain a healthy iron status throughout pregnancy.
For the first six months of life, babies will get all of the iron they need from breastmilk or iron-fortified infant formula.
What happens after six months? By this time, many babies have already started (or will soon be starting) to eat some solid foods.
Between breast milk, infant formula, and iron-rich foods, babies can continue to meet their iron needs as they begin to wean.
Below are the recommended amounts of iron for babies (both male and female):
- Birth to 6 months = 0.27mg
- 7-12 months = 11mg
- 1-3 years = 7mg
Iron-Rich Foods for Babies
Now that we know how much iron babies need, what does that look like in terms of food?
Below are some great iron-rich foods for babies, which can be prepared in various ways to make sure they’re age appropriate.
- ¼ cup canned white beans = 2mg
- ¼ cup lentils = 3.6mg
- 3 oz tofu = 1.5mg
- ¼ cup cooked kidney beans = 1mg
- 1 Tbsp peanut butter = 0.5mg
- ¼ cup canned diced tomatoes = 1mg
- ¼ cup cooked spinach = 1.6mg
- 3 Tbsp iron-fortified baby oat cereal, dry = 6mg
- ¼ cup cooked black turtle beans = 1.3mg
- ¼ cup cooked quinoa = 0.9mg
*Nutrition information obtained from the USDA Nutrient Database
The Plant-Based Juniors’ Bottom Line:
Iron is super important. Fortunately, it’s also easy to find on a plant-based diet.
Incorporate some of the ideas above into your babe’s routine and let him or her decide which ones are the most yummy.
And if you’re ever concerned about your child’s iron status, bring it up with your pediatrician or registered dietitian.
This is super helpful, but also seems hard to get to 11mg a day without giving them oatmeal everyday. Any suggestions for a 7 month old? We’re doing to meals of solids a day and breastfeed.
Hi Alizah,
It definitely IS hard to meet this high recommendation (whether or not your baby is plant-based), especially if you’re exclusively breastfeeding. I provide my son Caleb with fortified baby oatmeal every morning in addition to other offerings as one way to try to hit this high amount.
The AAP actually recommends that exclusively breastfed infants be provided with 1 mg/kg of iron per day from 4-6 months before they begin to get enough in their diet. If you don’t feel you’re able to meet your babe’s needs, talk to your pediatrician about supplementing.
Hope this helps!
Whitney + Team PBJs
What kind of fortified baby oatmeal do you use?
Thanks!
What kind of fortified baby oatmeal do you use?
We like Earth’s Best baby oatmeal
Hi Whitney,
Are you spoon feeding your son to ensure he gets the adequate amount of iron? I know spoon feeding is not encouraged in BLW but my babe is def not eating at the moment, only exploring
Hi Brittney,
Thanks for the email! You are welcome to spoon feed if you like; we are open to any feeding pattern!
This is very helpful, thank you! Like some comments above, I have been offering fortified cereal to my 6 months old (mostly letting him explore but doing some spoonfeeding here and there) yet most of it remains untouched or on the floor. On the contrary, most fingerfoods get eaten! So, I was wondering if you had any experience using baby cereal as batter for pancakes or something like that that may have better chances?
We do have a recipe for baby cereal pancakes! It’s here: https://plantbasedjuniors.com/baby-cereal-pancakes/